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Γραμμή 2:
[[Strabo]] reported that they had a [[democratic]] constitution, save in time of war, when a dictator was chosen from among the regular magistrates. The few surviving Oscan inscriptions and coins in the area that survive from the [[4th century BC|4th]] or [[3rd century BC]] use the [[Greek alphabet]].
After this we find them engaged in hostilities with the Greek colony of [[Taranto|Taras/Tarentum]], and with [[Alexander of Epirus|Alexander, king of Epirus]], who was called in by the Tarentine people to their assistance, in [[326 BC]], thus providing a precedent for Epirote interference in the affairs of Magna Graecia.
In [[298 BC|298]], [[Livy]] records, they made alliance with Rome, and Roman influence was extended by the colonies of [[Venusia]] ([[291 BC|291]]), [[Paestum]] (Greek Posidonia, refounded in [[273 BC|273]]), and above all Roman Tarentum (refounded in [[272 BC|272]]). Subsequently, however, the Lucanians suffered by choosing the losing side in the various wars on the peninsula in which Rome took part. They were sometimes in alliance with Rome, but more frequently engaged in hostilities, during the [[Samnite wars]]. When [[Pyrrhus of Epirus]] landed in Italy, [[281 BC|281]] they were among the first to declare in his favor, and after his abrupt departure they were reduced to subjection, in a ten year campaign ([[272 BC|272]]). Enmity continued to run deep; they espoused the cause of Hannibal during the [[Second Punic War]] ([[216 BC|216]]), and Lucania was ravaged by both armies during several campaigns. The country never recovered from these disasters, and under the Roman government fell into decay, to which the [[Social War]], in which the Lucanians took part with the Samnites against Rome ([[90 BC|90]] - [[88 BC]]), gave the finishing stroke. In the time of Strabo the Greek cities on the coast had fallen into insignificance, and owing to the decrease of population and cultivation malaria began to obtain the upper hand. The few towns of the interior were of no importance. A large part of the province was given up to pasture, and the mountains were covered with forests, which abounded in wild boars, bears and wolves.
[[Category:Indo-European peoples]]
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