Προεδρική εκλογή των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών 1964: Διαφορά μεταξύ των αναθεωρήσεων
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Ιων (συζήτηση | συνεισφορές) μ Ο Ιων μετακίνησε τη σελίδα Προεδρικές εκλογές των ΗΠΑ 1964 στη Προεδρική εκλογή των ΗΠΑ 1964 |
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Γραμμή 78:
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Συνολική λαϊκή ψήφος:
*[[Πατ Μπράουν]] – 1.693.813 (27,26%)
*[[Λύντον Μπ. Τζόνσον]] – 1.106.999 (17,82%)
*[[Σαμ Γιόρτυ]] – 798.431 (12,85%)
*[[Τζορτζ Ουάλλας]] – 672.984 (10,83%)
*[[Τζον Γ. Ρέυνολντς, νεότερος|Τζον Γ. Ρέυνολντς]] – 522.405 (8,41%)
*[[Άλμπερτ Σ. Πόρτερ]] – 493.619 (7,94%)
*[[Μάθιου Ε. Ουέλς]] – 376.023 (6,05%)
*[[Ντάνιελ Μπρούστερ]] – 267.106 (4,30%)
*[[Τζέννινγκς Ράντολφ]] – 131.432 (2,12%)
*Αδήλωτοι – 81.614 (1,31)
*[[Ρόμπερτ Φ. Κένενντι]] – 36.258 (0,58%)
*Άλλοι – 23.235 (0,37%)
*[[Χένρυ Κάμποτ Λοτζ, νεότερος|Χένρυ Κάμποτ Λοτζ]] (write-in) – 8.495 (0,14%)
*[[Άντλαϊ Στίβενσον II|Άντλαϊ Στίβενσον]] – 800 (0,01%)
*[[Χιούμπερτ Χάμφρεϋ]] – 548 (0,01%)
At the national convention the integrated [[Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party]] (MFDP) claimed the seats for delegates for Mississippi, not on the grounds of the Party rules, but because the official Mississippi delegation had been elected by a [[Jim Crow laws|Jim Crow]] primary. The party's liberal leaders supported an even division of the seats between the two delegations; Johnson was concerned that, while the regular Democrats of Mississippi would probably vote for Goldwater anyway, rejecting them would lose him the South. Eventually, [[Hubert Humphrey]], [[Walter Reuther]] and the black civil rights leaders including [[Roy Wilkins]], [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]], and [[Bayard Rustin]] worked out a compromise: the MFDP took two seats; the regular Mississippi delegation was required to pledge to support the party ticket; and no future Democratic convention would accept a delegation chosen by a discriminatory poll. [[Joseph L. Rauh, Jr.]], the MFDP's lawyer, initially refused this deal, but they eventually took their seats. Many white delegates from Mississippi and Alabama refused to sign any pledge, and left the convention; and many young civil rights workers were offended by any compromise.<ref>Unger and Unger; ''LBJ; a Life'' (1999) pp. 325-6; Dallek ''Flawed Giant'', p. 164; Evans and Novak (1966) 451-56 claim that the MFDP fell under the influence of "black radicals" and rejected their seats.</ref> Johnson carried the South as a whole in the election, but lost [[Louisiana]], [[Alabama]], [[Mississippi]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] and [[South Carolina]].
Johnson also faced trouble from [[Robert F. Kennedy]], President Kennedy's younger brother and the U.S. [[Attorney General]]. Kennedy and Johnson's relationship was troubled from the time Robert Kennedy was a Senate staffer. Then-Majority Leader Johnson surmised that Kennedy's hostility was the direct result of the fact that Johnson frequently recounted a story that embarrassed Kennedy's father, [[Joseph P. Kennedy]], the ambassador to the United Kingdom. According to his recounting, Johnson and [[President Franklin Roosevelt]] misled the ambassador, upon a return visit to the United States, to believe that Roosevelt wished to meet in Washington for friendly purposes; in fact Roosevelt planned to—and did—fire the ambassador, due to the ambassador's well publicized views.<ref> Robert A. Caro; "The Lyndon Johnson Years: The Passage of Power" (2012), ch. 3 ("It’s about Roosevelt and his father", Johnson said)</ref> The Johnson–Kennedy hostility was rendered mutual in the 1960 primaries and the [[1960 Democratic National Convention]], when Robert Kennedy had tried to prevent Johnson from becoming his brother's running mate, a move that deeply embittered both men. Days after John Kennedy's assassination, Johnson opted to call Robert Kennedy to ask the bereaved brother to remind him the exact language of the constitutional oath of office.
In early 1964, despite his personal animosity for the president, Kennedy had tried to force Johnson to accept him as his running mate. Johnson eliminated this threat by announcing that none of his cabinet members would be considered for second place on the Democratic ticket. Johnson also became concerned that Kennedy might use his scheduled speech at the 1964 Democratic Convention to create a groundswell of emotion among the delegates to make him Johnson's running mate; he prevented this by deliberately scheduling Kennedy's speech on the last day of the convention, after his running mate had already been chosen. Shortly after the 1964 Democratic Convention, Kennedy decided to leave Johnson's cabinet and run for the U.S. Senate in [[New York]]; he won the general election in November. Johnson chose Senator [[Hubert Humphrey]] of [[Minnesota]], a liberal and civil rights activist, as his running mate. (It was noted that the need for a vice-presidential candidate, in the aftermath of John Kennedy's assassination, provided some suspense for the convention.)
==Σημειώσεις==
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