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Η '''Εθνική Βιβλιοθήκη της Ισπανίας''' (Biblioteca Nacional de España) είναι μια μεγάλη δημοτική βιβλιοθήκη, η μεγαλύτερη στην [[Ισπανία]] και μια από τις μεγαλύτερες στον κόσμο. Βρίσκεται στη [[Μαδρίτη]] και συγκεκριμένα στο προάστιο [[Πασέο ντε Ρεκολέτος]] .Η βιβλιοθήκη ιδρύθηκε από τον βασιλέα [[Φίλιππος Ε΄ της Ισπανίας|Φίλιππο τον Ε΄]] το 1712.
==Δείτε επίσης==
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* [[Κατάλογος μεγαλύτερων βιβλιοθηκών]]
<!-- as the Palace Public Library (Biblioteca Pública de Palacio).
The Royal Letters Patent that he granted, the predecessor of the current
legal deposit requirement, made it mandatory for printers to submit a
copy of every book printed in Spain to the library. In 1836, the
library's status as Crown property was revoked and ownership was
transferred to the Ministry of Governance (Ministerio de la
Gobernación). At the same time, it was renamed the Biblioteca Nacional.
Statue of Hispania by Agustí Querol above the library.
During the 19th century, confiscations, purchases and donations
enabled the Biblioteca Nacional to acquire the majority of the antique
and valuable books that it currently holds. On March 16, 1896, the
Biblioteca Nacional opened to the public in the same building in which
it is currently housed and included a vast Reading Room on the main
floor designed to hold 320 readers. In 1931 the Reading Room was
reorganised, providing it with a major collection of reference works,
and the General Reading Room was created to cater for students, workers
and general readers.
During the Spanish Civil War
close to 500,000 volumes were collected by the Confiscation Committee
(Junta de Incautación) and stored in the Biblioteca Nacional to
safeguard works of art and books held until then in religious
establishments, palaces and private houses. During the 20th century
numerous modifications were made to the building to adapt its rooms and
repositories to its constantly expanding collections, to the growing
volume of material received following the modification to the Legal Deposit
requirement in 1958, and to the numerous works purchased by the
library. Among this building work, some of the most noteworthy changes
were the alterations made in 1955 to triple the capacity of the
library's repositories, and those started in 1986 and completed in 2000,
which led to the creation of the new building in Alcalá de Henares and complete remodelling of the building on Paseo de Recoletos, Madrid.
A page from the manuscript of The Lay of the Cid.
In 1986, when Spain's main bibliographic institutions - the National
Newspaper Library (Hemeroteca Nacional), the Spanish Bibliographic
Institute (Instituto Bibliográfico Hispánico) and the Centre for
Documentary and Bibliographic Treasures (Centro del Tesoro Documental y
Bibliográfico) - were incorporated into the Biblioteca Nacional, the
library was established as the State Repository of Spain's Cultural
Memory (Centro Estatal Depositario de la Memoria Cultural Española),
making all of Spain's bibliographic output on any media available to the
Spanish Library System and national and international researchers and
cultural and educational institutions. In 1990 it was made an Autonomous
Entity attached to the Ministry of Culture (Ministerio de Cultura).
The Madrid premises are shared with the National Archaeological Museum.
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[[Κατηγορία:Μαδρίτη]]
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