Συζήτηση:Μακεδονία (αρχαίο βασίλειο): Διαφορά μεταξύ των αναθεωρήσεων
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Γραμμή 21:
== Προσφερόμενες πηγές που σχετίζονται με τo αρχαίο βασίλειο της Μακεδονίας ==
'''''BEFORE [[w:Philip II of Macedon|PHILIP II]] & [[w:Alexander the Great|ALEXANDER THE GREAT]]:'''''
'''[[w:Homer|Homer]]''' (Between 800 BC and 700 BC)
Γραμμή 33 ⟶ 34 :
'''[[w:Thucydides|Thucydides]]''' (c. 460 BC – c. 400 BC)
3. [[w:History of the Peloponnesian War|History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2, Chapter 99]]: "The country on the sea coast, now called '''Macedonia''', was first acquired by
'''[[w:Herodotus|Herodotus]]''' (c. 484 BC – c. 425 BC)
4. [[w:Histories (Herodotus)|The Histories, Book 1, Chapter 56, Lines 7 - 15]]: "These races,
5. [[w:Histories (Herodotus)|The Histories, Book 8, Chapter 43, Lines 3 - 6]]: "...the Sicyonians furnished fifteen ships, the Epidaurians ten, the Troezenians five, the Hermioneans three. All of these except the Hermioneans '''are Dorian and Macedonian''' and had last come from Erineus and Pindus and the Dryopian region..."[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hdt.+8.43&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126]
Γραμμή 43 ⟶ 44 :
6. [[w:Histories (Herodotus)|The Histories]], Speech of [[w:Alexander I of Macedon|Alexander I, Book 9, Chapter 45, Section 2, Lines 1 - 2]]: "I myself am by ancient descent a '''Greek''', and I would not willingly see '''Hellas''' change her freedom for slavery" [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126%3Abook%3D9%3Achapter%3D45%3Asection%3D2]
7. [[w:Histories (Herodotus)|The Histories, Book 5, Chapter 22, Section 1]]: "Now that these descendants of [[w:Perdiccas I of Macedon|Perdiccas]] are '''Greeks''', as they themselves say, I myself chance to know and will prove it in the later part of my history. Furthermore, the [[w:Hellanodikai|Hellenodicae]] who manage the contest at [[w:Ancient Olympic Games|Olympia]] determined that it is so"[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126%3Abook%3D5%3Achapter%3D22%3Asection%3D1]
'''''GEOGRAPHERS:'''''
8. [[w:Strabo|Strabo]], [[w:Geographica|Geographica, Book 7, Chapter Fragments, Section 9]]: "...secondly, Greece; and thirdly, the Islands that are close by. '''Macedonia, of course, is a part of Greece'''..."[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0198%3Abook%3D7%3Achapter%3Dfragments%3Asection%3D9]
9. [[w:Strabo|Strabo]], [[w:Geographica|Geographica, Book 7, Chapter 7, Section 4]]: "The [[w:Aegean sea|Aegean sea]] washes '''Greece''' on two sides: first, the side that faces towards the east and stretches from [[w:Sunium|Sunium]],
'''''HISTORIANS:'''''
10. [[w:Arrian|Arrian]], [[w:The Anabasis of Alexander|The Anabasis of Alexander, Book 1, Chapter 18, Section 6]]: "[[w:Parmenion|Parmenion]] advised
11. [[w:Plutarch|Plutarch]], [[w:Moralia|Moralia, Chapter 1, Section 10]]: "...the blessings of '''Greek''' justice and peace over every nation
12. [[w:Plutarch|Plutarch]], [[w:Parallel Lives|Parallel Lives, Alexander, Chapter 37, Section 4]]: "And it is said that when he took his seat for the first time under the golden canopy on the royal throne, [[w:Demaratus (hetairos)|Demaratus the Corinthian]], a well-meaning man and a friend of
13. [[w:Plutarch|Plutarch]], [[w:Parallel Lives|Parallel Lives, Alexander, Chapter 17, Section 2]]: "Now, there is in Lycia, near the city of Xanthus, a spring, which at this time, as we are told, was of its own motion upheaved from its depths, and overflowed, and cast forth a bronze tablet bearing the prints of ancient letters, in which it was made known that the empire of the Persians would one day be destroyed by the '''Greeks''' and come to an end"[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0243%3Achapter%3D17%3Asection%3D2]
14. [[w:Arrian|Arrian]], [[w:The Anabasis of Alexander|The Anabasis of Alexander, Book 1, Chapter 12, Section 4, Line 3]]: "There is no other man amongst the '''Greeks''' or the barbarians who has shown so many or so great achievements than
15. [[w:Arrian|Arrian]], [[w:The Anabasis of Alexander|The Anabasis of Alexander, Book 1, Chapter 16, Section 7]]: "
16. [[w:Arrian|Arrian]], [[w:The Anabasis of Alexander|The Anabasis of Alexander, Book 7, Chapter 16, Section 1]]: "After that,
17. [[w:Arrian|Arrian]], [[w:The Anabasis of Alexander|The Anabasis of Alexander, Book 2, Chapter 14, Section 4, Lines 3 - 4]], ''[[w:Alexander the Great|Alexander's]] Letter to [[w:Darius III|Darius III]]'': "Your ancestors invaded '''Macedonia and the rest of Greece'''..."[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0530%3Abook%3D2%3Achapter%3D14%3Asection%3D4], [http://www.livius.org/sources/content/arrian/anabasis/alexanders-letter-to-darius-iii/]
Γραμμή 71 ⟶ 76 :
18. [[w:Polybius|Polybius]], [[w:The Histories (Polybius)|Histories, Book 7, Chapter 9, Section 3]]: "in the presence of all Gods who possess '''Macedonia and the rest of Greece''' in the presence of all the gods of the army who preside over this oath"[http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Polybius/7*.html]
19. [[w:Arrian|Arrian]], [[w:The Anabasis of Alexander|The Anabasis of Alexander, Book 4, Chapter 11, Section 7]]: "οὔκουν οὐδὲ αὐτῷ τῷ Ἡρακλεῖ ζῶντι ἔτι θεῖαι τιμαὶ παρ᾽ '''Ἑλλήνων''' ἐγένοντο, ἀλλ᾽ οὐδὲ τελευτήσαντι πρόσθεν ἤ πρὸς τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ἐν Δελφοῖς ἐπιθεσπισθῆναι ὡς θεὸν τιμᾶν Ἡρακλέα. εἰ δέ, ὅτι ἐν τῇ βαρβάρῳ γῇ οἱ λόγοι γίγνονται, βαρβαρικὰ χρὴ ἔχειν τὰ φρονήματα, καὶ '''ἐγὼ τῆς Ἑλλάδος μεμνῆσθαί σε ἀξιῶ, ὦ Αλέξανδρε''', ἧς ἕνεκα ὁ πᾶς στόλος σοι ἐγένετο, '''προσθεῖναι τὴν Ἀσίαν τῇ Ἑλλάδι'''[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0530%3Abook%3D4%3Achapter%3D11%3Asection%3D7]
'''''STATESMEN:'''''
20. [[w:Aeschines|Aeschines, The Speech on the Embassy, Section 32]]: "For at a congress1 of the Lacedaemonian allies and the other Greeks, in which Amyntas, the father of Philip, being entitled to a seat, was represented by a delegate whose vote was absolutely under his control, he joined the other Greeks in voting to help Athens to recover possession of Amphipolis. As proof of this I presented from the public records the resolution of the Greek congress and the names of those who voted"[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0002%3Aspeech%3D2%3Asection%3D32]▼
▲20. [[w:Aeschines|Aeschines, The Speech on the Embassy, Section 32]]: "For at a congress1 of the Lacedaemonian allies and the other Greeks, in which '''Amyntas''', the father of Philip, being entitled to a seat, was represented by a delegate whose vote was absolutely under his control, he '''joined the other Greeks''' in voting to help Athens to recover possession of Amphipolis. As proof of this I presented from the public records the resolution of the Greek congress and the names of those who voted"[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0002%3Aspeech%3D2%3Asection%3D32]
▲''THE HOLY BIBLE'':
21. "Now Alexander [the Great], when he had taken Gaza, made haste to go up to Jerusalem [...] And when the Book of Daniel was showed him wherein Daniel declared that '''one of the Greeks''' should destroy the empire of the Persians, he supposed that himself was the person intended." ''[The Bible verses showed Alexander might be Daniel 7:6; 8:3-8, 20-22; 11:3. Some or all of them are plain predictions of his conquests and successors.]''.
* ''[[w:Josephus|Flavius Josephus]], "Antiquities of the Jews" (Book 11, Chapter 8, Paragraphs 4&5)''
''THE NEW TESTAMENT'':▼
22. Chapter (16:9) "And a vision appeared to Paul in the night; There stood a man of Macedonia, and prayed him, saying, Come over into '''Macedonia''', and help us. [...] (17:1) Now when they had passed through Amphipolis and Apollonia, they came to '''Thessalonica''', where was a synagogue of the Jews: (17:2) And Paul, as his manner was, went in unto them, and three sabbath days reasoned with them out of the scriptures, [...] (17:4) And some of them believed, and consorted with Paul and Silas; and of the devout '''Greeks''' a great multitude, and of the chief women not a few. [...] (17:10) And the brethren immediately sent away Paul and Silas by night unto '''Berea''': who coming thither went into the synagogue of the Jews. (17:11) These were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the scriptures daily, whether those things were so. (17:12) Therefore many of them believed; also of honourable women which were '''Greeks''', and of men, not a few"▼
▲22. Chapter (16:9) "And a vision appeared to Paul in the night; There stood a man of Macedonia, and prayed him, saying, Come over into '''Macedonia''', and help us. [...] (17:1) Now when they had passed through Amphipolis and Apollonia, they came to '''Thessalonica''', where was a synagogue of the Jews: (17:2) And Paul, as his manner was, went in unto them, and three sabbath days reasoned with them out of the scriptures, [...] (17:4) And some of them believed, and consorted with Paul and Silas; and of the devout '''Greeks''' a great multitude, and of the chief women not a few. [...] (17:10) And the brethren immediately sent away Paul and Silas by night unto
* ''New Testament (Holy Bible KJV), Acts of the Apostles 16:9; 17:1-2, 4, 10-12''
'''''THE VATICAN:'''''
23. «Macedonia is the country of [[w:Philip II of Macedon|Philip]], of [[w:Alexander the Great|Alexander]], of [[w:Saints Cyril and Methodius|Methodius and Cyril]] and '''Macedonia is Greek'''»
* ''[[w:Pope John Paul II|Pope John Paul II]] of the [[w:Vatican City|Vatican]] in an interview he gave on the 21st June 1992 to the journalist Mrs Pinni for the Greek [[w:Centre-left politics|centre-left politics]] newspaper KYRIAKATIKI ELEFTHEROTYPIA''
▲''MODERN SOURCES'':
24. "Philip was born a Greek of the most aristocratic, indeed of divine, descent... Philip was both a Greek and a Macedonian, even as Demosthenes was a Greek and an Athenian..."
* ''[[w:Nicholas Hammond|Nicholas Hammond]], "Philip of Macedon" (Duckworth Publishing, February 1998)''
25. "...for the first time he (Phillip) started to understand how Macedonia's outdated institutions of feudalism an aristocratic monarchy so despised by the rest of Greece"
Γραμμή 104 ⟶ 119 :
27. "'''The Macedonians were Greeks. Their language was Greek''', to judge by their personal names and by the names of the months of the calendar; Macedonian ambassadors could appear before the Athenian assembly without needing interpreters; in all Demosthenes' sneers about their civilization '''there is no hint that Macedonians spoke other than Greek'''" ("Philip of Macedon", Faber & Faber, London, 1978, p. 22)
* ''[[w:George Cawkwell|George Cawkwell]], Emeritus Fellow, [[w:University College Oxford|Oxford University College]]''
28. "Philip II, at least from the time of his victory over Phocis, Athens, and their allies in 346, prepared to proclaim himself the champion of '''a United Greece''' against the barbarians
* ''[[w:Ernst Badian|Ernst Badian]], "Cambridge history of Iran", p. 421''
29. "...'''the Macedonians''', our conviction is strengthened that '''they were a Greek race and akin to the Dorians'''. Having stayed behind in the extreme north, they were unable to participate in the progressive civilization of the tribes which went further south..."
* ''[[w:Ulrich Wilcken|Ulrich Wilcken]], "Alexander the Great", p. 22''
30. "To his ancestors (to a Persian's ancestors) Macedonians were only known as 'Yona takabara', the 'Greeks who wear shields on their heads', an allusion to their broad-brimmed hats"
* ''[[w:Robin Lane Fox|Robin Lane Fox]], "Alexander the Great", p.104''
31. "...King Philip of '''the northern Greek kingdom of Macedon''' perfected this system, and his son, Alexander the Great..."
* ''Archer Jones, American historian, "The Art of War in Western World" (University of Illinois Press, 2000), p. 21''
Γραμμή 130 ⟶ 145 :
* ''[[w:Henry Morgenthau, Sr.|Henry Morgenthau]], "I was sent to Athens", Doubleday, Doran & Company, inc (1929)''
'''''SLAVIC SOURCES:'''''
36. "'''We are [[w:Slavs|Slavs]]''', we came to this area in the sixth century (AD), '''we have no connection with [[w:Alexander the Great|Alexander the Great]]'''"
Γραμμή 151 ⟶ 168 :
42. "'''Greek epigraphic monuments created before definitive Roman domination of our area''' are to be found in modest quantity"
* ''Vera Bitrakova Grozdanova, ethnic Macedonian archaeologist, "Hellenistic Monuments in S.R.Macedonia", Skopje, 1987, p. 130''.
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