Κανονικές συνθήκες: Διαφορά μεταξύ των αναθεωρήσεων

[[Διεθνής Ένωση Καθαρής και Εφαρμοσμένης Χημείας|Διεθνή Ένωση Καθαρής και Εφαρμοσμένης Χημείας]] ('''''I'''nternational '''U'''nion of '''P'''ure and '''A'''pplied '''C'''hemistry'', '''''IUPAC''''') και το [[Εθνικό Ίδρυμα για τα Πρότυπα και την Τεχνολογία]] ('''''N'''ational '''I'''nstitute of '''S'''tandards and '''T'''echnology, '''NIST'''''), παρόλο που δεν αποτελούν παγκοσμίως αποδεκτά πρότυπα. Οι προαναφερόμενοι οργανισμοί έχουν θεσπίσει μια ποικιλία εναλλακτικών ορισμών για τις πρότυπες συνθήκες αναφοράς. Στη [[χημεία]], η IUPAC έχει θεσπίσει τα ακόλουθα δύο (2) πρότυπα αναφοράς:<ref name="IUPAC2">{{cite book|url=http://goldbook.iupac.org/S06036.html|title=IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology|publisher=Blackwell Scientific Publications|year=1997|isbn=0-9678550-9-8|edition=2nd2η |location=Oxford |authorauthor1=A. D. McNaught and |author2=A. Wilkinson |quote=Standard conditions for gases: ... and pressure of 10⁵&nbsp;pascals. The previous standard [[absolute pressure]] of 1 atm (equivalent to {{nowrap|1.01325 × 10⁵ Pa}}) was changed to 100&nbsp;[[Pascal (unit)|kPa]] in 1982. IUPAC recommends that the former pressure should be discontinued.}}</ref>

|align="center"|0||align="center"|101.325||&nbsp;||[[IUPAC]] (former definition)<ref name=IUPAC>{{cite book |authorauthor1= A. D. McNaught, |author2=A. Wilkinson |title=Compendium of Chemical Terminology, The Gold Book |url=http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/S05910.pdf |edition=2nd2η |year=1997 |publisher=Blackwell Science |isbn=0865426848 |quote=Standard conditions for gases: Temperature, 273.15&nbsp;K [...] and pressure of 10⁵&nbsp;pascals. IUPAC recommends that the former use of the pressure of 1 atm as standard pressure (equivalent to {{nowrap|1.01325 × 10⁵ Pa}}) should be discontinued.}}</ref>, [[National Institute of Standards and Technology|NIST]]<ref name=NISTDataBase7>{{cite web |url=http://www.nist.gov/srd/WebGuide/nist7/07_2.htm |title=NIST Standard Reference Database 7 – NIST Electron and Positron Stopping Powers of Materials Database |accessdate=082008-07-25 |author=[[NIST]] |year=1989 |quote=If you want the program to treat the material as an ideal gas, the density will be assumed given by M/V, where M is the gram molecular weight of the gas and V is the mol volume of 22414&nbsp;cm³ at standard conditions (0&nbsp;deg&nbsp;C and 1&nbsp;atm).}}</ref>, ISO 10780<ref name=ISO10780>{{Citation |author=[[ISO]] | title=ISO 10780:1994 : Stationary source emissions - Measurement of velocity and volume flowrate of gas streams in ducts |year=1994 |url=http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=18855}}</ref>

|align="center"|15||align="center"|101.325||align="center"|0<ref name=Handbook>{{cite book|authoreditor=Robert C. Weast (Editor)|title=Handbook of Physics and Chemistry|edition=56th56η |publisher=CRC Press|pages=F201–F206|year=1975|isbn=0-87819-455-X}}</ref><ref name=ISO13443>"Natural gas – Standard reference conditions", ISO 13443, International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland &nbsp;[http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue.htm ISO Standards Catalogue]</ref>||[[ICAO]]'s [[International Standard Atmosphere|ISA]],<ref name=Handbook/> ISO 13443,<ref name=ISO13443/> [[European Environment Agency|EEA]],<ref name=EEA>"Extraction, First Treatment and Loading of Liquid & Gaseous Fossil Fuels", Emission Inventory Guidebook B521, Activities 050201 - 050303, September 1999, European Environmental Agency, Copenhagen, Denmark &nbsp;[http://reports.eea.eu.int/EMEPCORINAIR3/en/B521vs3.1.pdf Emission Inventory Guidebook]{{Dead link|date=Σεπτέμβριος 2019 }}</ref> EGIA<ref name=EGIA>"Electricity and Gas Inspection Act", SOR/86-131 (defines a set of standard conditions for Imperial units and a different set for metric units) &nbsp;[http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/E-4/SOR-86-131/95708.html Canadian Laws]</ref>

== Άλλες χρησιμοποιύμενεςχρησιμοποιούμενες συνθήκες αναφοράς ==