Εθνικό Μουσείο του Καποντιμόντε: Διαφορά μεταξύ των αναθεωρήσεων
Περιεχόμενο που διαγράφηκε Περιεχόμενο που προστέθηκε
Χωρίς σύνοψη επεξεργασίας |
Χωρίς σύνοψη επεξεργασίας |
||
Γραμμή 17:
Το '''Εθνικό Μουσείο Καποντιμόντε''' ([[Ιταλική γλώσσα|ιταλικά]]: '''Museo nazionale di Capodimonte''') στεγάζεται στο ομώνυμο ανάκτορο στην κωμόπολη Καποντιμόντε. Περιλαμβάνει συλλογές αρχαίας τέχνης, σύγχρονης τέχνης και ένα τμήμα ιστορίας.
Επίσημα εγκαινιάστηκε το 1957, αν και οι αίθουσες του ανακτόρου στέγαζαν αντικείμενα τέχνης από το 1758. Εκτίθενται κυρίως πίνακες ζωγραφικής, κατανεμημένους στις δύο μεγάλες συλλογές του, τη '''Συλλογή Φαρνέζε''', στην οποία περιλαμβάνονται έργα από μεγάλα ονόματα της ιταλικής αλλά και της παγκόσμιας ζωγραφικής, όπως [[Ραφαήλ]], [[Τιτσιάνο]], [[Παρμιτζανίνο]], [[Πίτερ Μπρίγκελ ο πρεσβύτερος|Πίτερ Μπρίγκελ του πρεσβυτέρου]], [[Ελ Γκρέκο]], [[Λουντοβίκο Καρράτσι]], [[Γκουίντο Ρένι]]) και τη '''Συλλογή της Νάπολι''', η οποία περιλαμβάνει έργα που έχουν συλλεγεί από εκκλησίες της πόλης και της γύρω περιοχής, που μεταφέρθηκαν στο Μουσείο υπό τον φόβο καταστροφής τους. Εδώ υπάρχουν έργα των [[Σιμόνε Μαρτίνι]], [[Κολαντόνιο]], [[Καραβάτζιο]], [[Χοσέ Ριμπέρα]]
==Ιστορία==
===18ος αιώνας===
Ο [[Κάρολος Γ΄ της Ισπανίας]] ανήλθε στον θρόνο της Νάπολι το 1734. Έθεσε το ερώτημα αν υπήρχε κατάλληλος χώρος για τη στέγαση των έργων τέχνης που είχε κληρονομήσει από τη μητέρα του, Ελιζαμπέττα Φαρνέζε.<ref>Sapio, σελ. 9</ref>
<!--
Charles of Bourbon ascended the throne of Naples in 1734, the question was to provide a worthy setting for works of art inherited from his mother, Elisabetta Farnese [4] , which are part of his family collection , begun by Pope Paul III in the sixteenth century and continued by his heirs [5] . Still scattered between Rome and Parma , some works, in particular those whose value exceeded the cost of transport, were moved to the Royal Palace of Naples (a major, Raphael , Annibale Carracci , Correggio , Titian and Parmigianino ) [6] , where but he lacked a gallery itself: over time the rest of the collection was moved and preserved inside the warehouses building, threatened in their integrity even from natural elements such as the proximity of the sea [7] . In 1738 the king began the construction of a building on the hill of Capodimonte, to use as a museum [8] ; while a team of experts called the interior to accommodate the collection: the project provided that the works were housed in rooms that face south, the sea [9] . With construction still incomplete, the first paintings were placed in 1758, in twelve dormitories, divided by artists and schools of painting: still not known exactly which works were exhibited in the museum, because the yearbooks of the time were destroyed during the second World War . Next staging museum since 1755, was established the Royal Academy of the Nude, under the direction of the painter stabiese Giuseppe Bonito [10] .
In 1759 he was transferred to the rest of the collection: it was the preparatory cartoons for the frescoes in the Pauline Chapel of Michelangelo and those for the room of Eliodoro in the Vatican Raphael [11] , paintings by Giorgio Vasari , Andrea Mantegna and Masolino da Panicale . Among the visitors of the time they included Jean-Honore Fragonard , the Marquis de Sade , Joseph Wright of Derby , Antonio Canova , Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Johann Joachim Winckelmann [12] . Around the late ' 70s with the transfer of other parts of the Farnese collection, the museum came to own twenty-four rooms: were also purchased new paintings, the first of painters southerners, as Polidoro da Caravaggio , Cesare da Sesto , Jusepe de Ribera , Luca Giordano , in addition to panels of Anton Raphael Mengs , Angelica Kauffman , Elisabeth Vigee-Le Brun and Francesco Liani , while in 1783 it purchased the collection of Count Karl Joseph von Firmian , containing about twenty thousand of engravings and drawings by artists such as Fra Bartolomeo , Perin del Vaga , Albrecht Dürer and Rembrandt [13] . In the same period it was opened a restoration laboratory entrusted first to Clemente Ruta , then Federico Andres, at the suggestion of the court painter Jacob Philipp Hackert [13] . With Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies , in 1785, was established the Regulations of the Museum of Capodimonte were then defined the opening hours, the duties of guardians, the responsibility of the consignee, access to copiers, while there was liberalized access the population, which however was already the case in other museums Bourbon, except with a permit issued by the Secretary of State [10] . At the end of the eighteenth century , when the museum housed about eighteen hundred paintings, the decision was made to create a single museum complex Neapolitan: the choice fell on Palazzo degli Studi, the future National Archaeological Museum , where the work on the new public use were already initiated since 1777 by Ferdinando Fuga , with the intent to carry you all the Farnese collection and the Herculaneum, it formed as a result of archaeological finds from the excavations of Pompeii , Herculaneum and Stabia , as well as making the seat of the library and of ' Academy [14] . -->
==Παραπομπές==
{{παραπομπές}}
==Βιβλιογραφία==
*Mariella Utili e Barbara Maria Savy, Museo di Capodimonte - La Galleria Farnese: dipinti italiani, Napoli, Electa Editore, 1999, ISBN 978-88-435-8618-9.
*Umberto Bile e Maia Confalone, Museo di Capodimonte - La Galleria Farnese: le scuole europee, Napoli, Electa Editore, 1999, ISBN 978-88-435-8619-6.
*Touring Club Italiano, Guida d'Italia - Napoli e dintorni, Milano, Touring Club Editore, 2008, ISBN 978-88-365-3893-5.
*Mario Sapio, Il Museo di Capodimonte, Napoli, Arte'm, 2012, ISBN 978-88-569-0303-4.
*Touring Club Italiano, Museo di Capodimonte, Milano, Touring Club Editore, 2012, ISBN 978-88-365-2577-5.
| |||